常用代码片段
1. 横向合并两张图片的函数
python
from PIL import Image
def merge_images_horizontally(img_path1, img_path2, output_path):
# 打开图片
img1 = Image.open(img_path1)
img2 = Image.open(img_path2)
# 获取图片尺寸
width1, height1 = img1.size
width2, height2 = img2.size
# 按较大的高度调整较小图片的大小，并保持比例
if height1 > height2:
new_height = height1
new_width = int((width2 / height2) * new_height)
img2 = img2.resize((new_width, new_height), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
else:
new_height = height2
new_width = int((width1 / height1) * new_height)
img1 = img1.resize((new_width, new_height), Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
# 获取调整后的图片尺寸
width1, height1 = img1.size
width2, height2 = img2.size
# 创建一个新的图像，用来存放合并后的图片
new_img = Image.new('RGB', (width1 + width2, height1))
# 将两张图片粘贴到新的图像中
new_img.paste(img1, (0, 0))
new_img.paste(img2, (width1, 0))
# 保存合并后的图片
new_img.save(output_path)2. 给图片增加水印的工具
python
import enum
import math
import textwrap
from PIL import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw, ImageEnhance, ImageChops, ImageOps
class WatermarkerStyles(enum.Enum):
"""水印样式"""
STRIPED = 1 # 斜向重复
CENTRAL = 2 # 居中
class Watermarker:
"""图片水印工具"""
def __init__(
self, image_path: str, text: str,
style: WatermarkerStyles,
angle=30,
color='#D3D3D3',
font_file='./arial.ttf',
font_height_crop=1.2,
opacity=0.15,
quality=80,
size=30,
space=100,
chars_per_line=8,
):
"""
:param image_path:
:param text: 水印文字
:param angle: 角度
:param color: 水印颜色
:param font_file: 字体文件名
:param font_height_crop: 水印字体高度裁剪大小（默认即可，按需调整）
:param opacity: 水印透明度
:param quality: 图片质量
:param size: 水印单个文字的大小
:param space: 水印的间距（仅斜向重复样式有效）
:param chars_per_line: 每行字数（超过就换行，仅居中水印有效）
"""
self.image_path = image_path
self.text = text
self.style = style
self.angle = angle
self.color = color
self.font_file = font_file
self.font_height_crop = font_height_crop
self.opacity = opacity
self.quality = quality
self.size = size
self.space = space
self.chars_per_line = chars_per_line
self._result_image = None
@staticmethod
def set_image_opacity(image: Image, opacity: float):
"""设置图片透明度"""
assert 0 <= opacity <= 1
alpha = image.split()[3]
alpha = ImageEnhance.Brightness(alpha).enhance(opacity)
image.putalpha(alpha)
return image
@staticmethod
def crop_image_edge(image: Image):
"""裁剪图片边缘空白"""
bg = Image.new(mode='RGBA', size=image.size)
diff = ImageChops.difference(image, bg)
bbox = diff.getbbox()
return image.crop(bbox) if bbox else image
def _generate_watermark_image(self, text: str):
"""生成水印图片"""
width = len(text) * self.size
height = round(self.size * self.font_height_crop)
watermark_image = Image.new(mode='RGBA', size=(width, height))
draw_table = ImageDraw.Draw(im=watermark_image)
draw_table.text(
xy=(0, 0),
text=text,
fill=self.color,
font=ImageFont.truetype(self.font_file, size=self.size)
)
watermark_image = Watermarker.crop_image_edge(watermark_image)
return Watermarker.set_image_opacity(watermark_image, self.opacity)
def _add_mark_striped(self):
"""添加斜向重复水印"""
origin_image = Image.open(self.image_path)
origin_image = ImageOps.exif_transpose(origin_image)
watermark_image = self._generate_watermark_image(self.text)
c = int(math.sqrt(origin_image.size[0] ** 2 + origin_image.size[1] ** 2))
watermark_mask = Image.new(mode='RGBA', size=(c, c))
y, idx = 0, 0
while y < c:
x = -int((watermark_image.size[0] + self.space) * 0.5 * idx)
idx = (idx + 1) % 2
while x < c:
watermark_mask.paste(watermark_image, (x, y))
x += watermark_image.size[0] + self.space
y += watermark_image.size[1] + self.space
watermark_mask = watermark_mask.rotate(self.angle)
if origin_image.mode != 'RGBA':
origin_image = origin_image.convert('RGBA')
origin_image.paste(
watermark_mask,
(int((origin_image.size[0] - c) / 2), int((origin_image.size[1] - c) / 2)),
mask=watermark_mask.split()[3]
)
return origin_image
def _add_mark_central(self):
"""添加居中水印"""
origin_image = Image.open(self.image_path)
origin_image = ImageOps.exif_transpose(origin_image)
text_lines = textwrap.wrap(self.text, width=self.chars_per_line)
text = '\n'.join(text_lines)
watermark_image = self._generate_watermark_image(text)
c = int(math.sqrt(origin_image.size[0] ** 2 + origin_image.size[1] ** 2))
watermark_mask = Image.new(mode='RGBA', size=(c, c))
watermark_mask.paste(
watermark_image,
(int((watermark_mask.width - watermark_image.width) / 2),
int((watermark_mask.height - watermark_image.height) / 2))
)
watermark_mask = watermark_mask.rotate(self.angle)
if origin_image.mode != 'RGBA':
origin_image = origin_image.convert('RGBA')
box = (
int((origin_image.width - watermark_mask.width) / 2),
int((origin_image.height - watermark_mask.height) / 2))
origin_image.paste(watermark_mask, box, mask=watermark_mask.split()[3])
return origin_image
@property
def image(self):
"""获取加了水印的图片对象"""
if not self._result_image:
if self.style == WatermarkerStyles.STRIPED:
self._result_image = self._add_mark_striped()
elif self.style == WatermarkerStyles.CENTRAL:
self._result_image = self._add_mark_central()
return self._result_image
def save(self, file_path: str, image_format: str = 'png'):
"""保存带水印的图像"""
with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
self.image.save(f, image_format)
def show(self):
"""显示带水印的图像"""
self.image.show()3. 向指定目录下文件批量写入文字水印
python
import os
import fnmatch
import shutil
from test import Watermarker, WatermarkerStyles
# 指定目录和文件扩展名
directory = '文件绝对路径'
extensions = ['*.png', '*.jpg', '*.jpeg']
filter_dirs = ['dist', 'public']
def find_files(directory, extensions):
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
for extension in extensions:
for filename in fnmatch.filter(files, extension):
# 过滤文件夹
if any(filter_dir in root for filter_dir in filter_dirs):
continue
# 原始路径
origin_path = str(os.path.join(root, filename))
# 从原始路径备份一个
name, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
new_name = f"{name}_origin{ext}"
os.rename(origin_path, os.path.join(root, new_name))
new_path = str(os.path.join(root, new_name))
# 向新文件路径写入水印
Watermarker(image_path=new_path, text='https://yqqy.top', style=WatermarkerStyles.STRIPED, space=120).save(origin_path)
print(origin_path + " >> 加水印完成")
# 将原始路径文件移动到备份文件夹
shutil.move(new_path, "./origin_blog/"+new_name)